Research shows that receiving a COVID-19 booster in the same arm as the first dose results in a faster and more effective immune response, according to a study conducted on mice and humans published in Cell. The discovery hinges on specialized immune cells in the lymph nodes that react more quickly when the second dose is given at the same site as the first. This could have significant implications for future vaccination strategies, especially in emerging pandemic situations.
When a booster vaccine was administered in the same location as the initial dose, the mice's subcapsular sinus macrophages were already primed. They reactivated immune cells called memory B cells more quickly.
The outcome is important if we did find ourselves in a pandemic setting again, with some other virus that we may then have a new vaccine for.
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