Henry III's reign between 1258 and 1272 was marked by significant turmoil, beginning with the parliament of April 1258 that demanded reforms. The baronial council introduced the Provisions of Oxford, which were more revolutionary than the Magna Carta. A notable figure, Simon de Montfort, led a rebellion to restore these reforms, culminating in his victory at the battle of Lewes. Although he temporarily governed England, Montfort was defeated and killed at Evesham, leading to continued conflict and attempts by Henry's government to disinherit his supporters, resulting in further strife until Henry's death.
The years from 1258 are politically some of the most dramatic and traumatic periods in English history, with the baronial council enacting revolutionary reforms.
Henry recovered power in 1261, only to lose it in 1263 to a movement led by Simon de Montfort, aimed at restoring the Provisions of Oxford.
On 14 May 1264, Montfort achieved a miraculous victory at the battle of Lewes, capturing both Henry III and his son Lord Edward.
After Montfort's death at the battle of Evesham in 1265, Henry's government pursued disinheritance of Montfort's supporters, leading to further conflict.
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