"A new, rapid-analysis study by researchers at Imperial College London (ICL) and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine estimated that 24,400 people across 854 European cities and urban centers died from heat-related causes between June and August 2025. Using climate models and a comparison of this figure with how many heat-related deaths would have occurred in a 1.3°C cooler world, the researchers estimated that climate change was responsible for 68% of these deaths."
"This summer was the fourth hottest in European history, and its effects on the continent's population have been widely reported. Spain experienced its most intense heat wave in history in August 2025. Türkiye saw its highest recorded temperature ever (50.5°C, or 122.9°F). Finland saw an "unprecedented" three straight weeks of 30°C heat. "In other words, it could have tripled the death toll," said Garyfallos Konstantinoudis, a biostatistician at ICL's Grantham Institute - Climate Change and the Environment."
Heat-related mortality across 854 European cities reached an estimated 24,400 deaths between June and August 2025. Climate change accounted for 68% of those deaths, amounting to approximately 16,469 attributable fatalities. Europe experienced its fourth-hottest summer, with Spain recording its most intense heat wave, Türkiye hitting 50.5°C, and Finland enduring three weeks of 30°C heat. A rapid-analysis using climate models compared observed deaths to a 1.3°C cooler counterfactual to estimate climate attribution. Europe warmed faster than the global average, making summer temperatures about 1.5°C to 2.9°C higher than without anthropogenic warming.
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