The Tech That Keeps Planes Flying for Ultra-Long-Haul Flights
Briefly

The A350-900's longer wingspan enables it to fly long distances like New York to Singapore with just two engines. Aircraft engines have seen substantial efficiency improvements over the last 30 years, including lighter carbon-fiber composite blades and enhanced cooling systems. High-bypass engines now generate more thrust with less fuel consumption compared to older turbojet engines. Modern designs allow significant airflow around the engine core, leading to quieter operations and better fuel efficiency. Newer engines like GE's GEnx are notably powerful and larger, contributing to the overall advancements in aviation technology.
If you look at the 747, with 4 engines-now you can provide the same amount of thrust on 2 engines that burn 20 percent to 30 percent less fuel than those engines that were produced 20 to 30 years ago,
Modern long-haul aircraft use what are called high-bypass engines, which use a system that allows a large volume of air to flow around the engine core.
Read at Conde Nast Traveler
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