"Despite the fact that they share a universal port shape, all USB-A and USB-C devices are not created equal, with potentially very different transfer speeds, power transfer, and generations of similar devices. Even two USB-C ports right next to each other on the same laptop could have very different capabilities when it comes to data transfer speed and power delivery. Let's take a look at what they mean."
"There are seven major color that indicate a device's generation and what kind of data transfer speeds you can expect. If you have a rare device with a color not listed here, let me know in the comments. Black: Denoting USB 2.0, this is the second most common you'll see on devices of all types, supporting speeds of up to 480 Mbps. White: These are first-generation devices -- USB 1.x -- with the slowest potential transfer speeds that don't typically exceed 12 Mbps."
A standardized USB-port color scheme communicates port generation, data transfer speeds, and power-delivery capabilities. USB-A and USB-C ports can share the same shape yet differ widely in transfer speed and power handling. Two adjacent USB-C ports on one laptop can have different capabilities for data and power. Seven major colors indicate generation and expected speeds. Black denotes USB 2.0 supporting up to 480 Mbps. White denotes USB 1.x with speeds typically not exceeding 12 Mbps. Yellow and orange ports are 'always on' and supply power when the host is off; orange also supports USB 3.0.
Read at ZDNET
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