Renais­sance artist Albrecht Dür­er (1471-1528) nev­er saw a rhi­no him­self, but by rely­ing on eye­wit­ness descrip­tions of the one King Manuel I of Por­tu­gal intend­ed as a gift to the Pope, he man­aged to ren­der a fair­ly real­is­tic one, all things con­sid­ered.
It emerges as an unusual book and the author methodically worked to a formula throughout this piece, writing on the geographical details of most, perhaps all, of Europe's states as well as many lands in the Near East, the Caucasus region and lands bordering the Mediterranean and Black seas. He commented briefly on the size and common foodstuffs of each of these lands, covering a vast swath of the known world in a relatively short work.
In medieval Europe, baptism was more than a rite of passage; it marked the beginning of spiritual life and affirmed one's place within the community. Baptism was the first milestone to enlightenment and the first stage to be overcome for the populace. It was the sacrament that not only welcomed an individual into the Christian life and the life of the Church, but also admitted them into the local community;
Philip Augustus' reign was marked by a strategic focus on diplomacy, showcasing an understanding that negotiation could be more fruitful than warfare in expanding his domain.