A junction tree is a method of organizing and understanding data, using a graph which branches off, like a tree, and where each branch holds a clustered subset of data that relates to a certain variable. It's useful because the junctions where the subsets of data meet show where they overlap, or where there are similarities in the data.
Junction tree algorithms are used in machine learning, where datasets can be massive and where the goal is to calculate probabilities, such as the likelihood of a person buying a product or their having an accident while crossing a busy road.
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