History

History

This cover-up at one of Chicago's most-visited institutions is brought to you by federal regulations that went into effect in mid-January.

The United States might be relatively young as countries go, but it offers some seriously fascinating history. Few eras have captured our imaginations like the Wild West, with its rugged frontiers, stark and sweeping landscapes, and notorious lawlessness. Who hasn't dreamed of trading monthly bills, tedious appointments, and everyday responsibilities for a horse, a hat, and the wide open plains?

For $28,850, the Howards built the wooden-hulled packetboat for Captain Granderson Winfrey Hill just two years before he died in 1911 at age 86. Captain Hill's death coincided nearly exactly with the 100th anniversary of the first steamboat, NEW ORLEANS, to operate on the Western Rivers of North America. Capt. Hill, though born in Chesterfield County, Virginia, on June 29, 1824, began steamboating on the river as a young man.

In 1980, Gertrud Scholtz-Klink, an unrepentant former leader of the Nazi women's bureau in Berlin from 1934 to 1945, described her former job to historian Claudia Koonz as influencing women in their daily lives. To her audience approximately 4 million girls in the Nazi youth movement, 8 million women in Nazi associations under her jurisdiction, and 1.9 million subscribers to her women's magazine, Frauen Warte, according to Koonz Scholtz-Klink promoted what she called the cradle and the ladle, or reproductive and household duties as essential to national strength.

A Netflix drama about them is on its way, but head of the family Ned Guinness has written his own history of the iconic dynasty. Here, he talks about his idyllic childhood in Farmleigh, the accusations of sectarianism his ancestors faced, why they opposed Irish independence and how the brewery almost moved to Wales Arthur Guinness's great-great-great-great-great grandson would be forgiven for losing track of his names. He was christened Arthur Edward Guinness.

During Rosemary's birth, the attending doctor was delayed, and a nurse instructed her mother, Rose, to keep her legs closed to postpone the delivery. For two hours, this restriction deprived baby Rosemary of oxygen, which is believed to have caused a brain injury that resulted in lifelong developmental disabilities. As Rosemary grew older, her behavioral struggles and mood swings increasingly alarmed her family, who were extremely conscious of their public image.

It is the world's first mountain-climbing railroad, and it was invented by New Hampshire native Sylvester Marsh, who thought there should be an easier way than hiking for people to visit the summit. The thought came to him during a hike up Mount Washington in 1857, when bad weather closed in on him and a friend, and the pair barely made it to the two hotels-the Summit House and Tip Top House -on top of the 6,288-foot peak.

Initially a student of the lawgiver and political philosopher Solon, Pisistratus presented himself as the champion of the poor, disenfranchised masses of Athens, and used their support to seize power in 560 BCE. Though he was ousted from the city five years later, he was twice reinstated and came to power for the third and final time in 546 BCE. He ruled as a tyrant, which, in the ancient Greek

The Graf Zeppelin was the most successful of all Zeppelin airships, making several hundred trips across the Atlantic between Europe and the Americas. In 1929, a new age of air travel dawned when the flew around the world in just three weeks. On its circumnavigation, the Graf Zeppelin left New York and took in Friedrichshafen, Tokyo, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. As Zeppelin's star commander, Hugo Eckener, promised: "You don't fly in an airship, you go voyaging" (Archbold, 102).

Everyone loves a good medieval whodunit, but how did real people investigate homicides in the Middle Ages? What did they look for? And how did they decide if a person's death was an unfortunate accident or foul play? This week, Danièle speaks with Sara Butler about forensic medicine, and how death investigation was conducted in medieval England. Sara Butler is a Professor at The Ohio State University, where her research focuses on social and legal history in the Middle Ages. This conversation is based on her book Forensic Medicine and Death Investigation in Medieval England.

The commemorative medallions were found inside a terracotta pot and were hidden in the foundations of the Palazzetto Venezia during its construction as an auspicious practice. The Palazzetto Venezia was commissioned by Paul II in 1467 and stood next to its big brother the Palazzo Venezia. He lived in it for the rest of his papacy, even though it was only completed some years after his death by his nephew.

Talk to a clear-head­ed 107-year-old today, and you could expect to hear sto­ries of ado­les­cence in the Great Depres­sion, or - if you're lucky - the Jazz Age seen through a child's eyes. It's no com­mon expe­ri­ence to have been formed by the age of radio and live deep into the age of the smart­phone, but arguably, Michael Fitz­patrick lived through even greater civ­i­liza­tion­al trans­for­ma­tion. Born in Ire­land in 1858, he sat for the inter­view above 107 years lat­er in 1965, which was broad­cast on tele­vi­sion.

September: it's the month of the harvest moon (usually); Vogue's most celebrated issue; and the dominion of Virgos and Libras. But it's also when the UK, and much of Europe, opens doors usually closed to the public, with various organisations offering rare and free access to architectural gems, cultural institutions, science hubs, courts, palaces, medieval castles, embassies and houses that you could never afford to own.

The footage combines still images and motion-control camera shots sourced from the published Roswell Report, as well as various magazines and books about UFOs. It opens with a shot of the book 'The Roswell Report: Fact Versus Fiction in the New Mexico Desert' and ends with a stark black-and-white image that appears to show a crash site, with debris scattered across a massive crater in the ground.

The 13-day siege and Battle of the Alamo, 23 February to 6 March 1836, is among the most famous in American history, but, like any such event, it has inspired several myths, many accepted as historical fact. Disney's miniseries (1954-1955), especially Davy Crockett at the Alamo, and John Wayne's full-length feature film The Alamo (1960) popularized many of these myths as they were both often people's introduction to the story of the Alamo.

The game of chess has a particularly long and fascinating history of more than 1500 years. Over the centuries, there have also been hundreds of different chess variants, all of which incorporate the fundamental distinguishing feature of standard chess: the explicit individuation of different types of pieces with different values and movements to be jointly manipulated by each player towards the overarching objective of cornering the opponent's king.

We may take it for grant­ed that the ear­li­est writ­ing sys­tems devel­oped with the Sume­ri­ans around 3400 B.C.E. The archae­o­log­i­cal evi­dence so far sup­ports the the­o­ry. But it may also be pos­si­ble that the ear­li­est writ­ing sys­tems pre­date 5000-year-old cuneiform tablets by sev­er­al thou­sand years. And what's more, it may be pos­si­ble, sug­gests pale­oan­thro­pol­o­gist Genevieve von Pet­zinger, that those pre­his­toric forms of writ­ing, which include the ear­li­est known hash­tag marks, con­sist­ed of sym­bols near­ly as uni­ver­sal as emo­ji.

A forgotten royal castle that is believed to have once been home to kings who ruled parts of Scotland has been discovered in a major archaeological project. In a recently released book, archaeologists reveal the existence of a castle at Finlaggan, on the isle of Islay, which is unnamed and previously unknown from the 12th and 13th centuries. Archaeologists have spent nearly 30 years analysing research that was undertaken at the historical site on Islay from 1989 to 1998.

Also on this date: In 1787, the Constitution of the United States was completed and signed by a majority of delegates attending the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. In 1862, more than 3,600 men were killed in the Civil War Battle of Antietam (an-TEE'-tum) in Maryland. In 1944, during World War II, Allied paratroopers launched Operation Market Garden, landing behind German lines in the Netherlands.

"Yesterday, December 7, 1941-a date which will live in infamy -the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by the naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan." President Franklin D. Roosevelt spoke these words in an address to a joint session of Congress and a nationwide radio audience. He continued to set the tone for the United States' entrance into World War II.

The Anahuac Disturbances are not considered the beginning of the Texas Revolution because no others followed immediately after; whereas, after Gonzales, the war proceeded rapidly until it was won by the Texians at the Battle of San Jacinto on 21 April 1836, leading to the establishment of the Republic of Texas. The battles of the Texas Revolution are:

The Mozarabic rite (also called Toledan), rooted in Visigothic Christianity and preserved by Christians living under Muslim rule in al-Andalus, differed from the Roman rite in its prayers, chants, and liturgical calendar. Its eucharistic prayers were often longer and more elaborate, with distinctive wording and ritual gestures not found in the Roman Mass. Music also played a role: Mozarabic chant had its own melodic tradition, separate from the Gregorian chant promoted by Rome.

The Volto Santo of Lucca, the 9th century crucifix that is one of the oldest known surviving wooden sculptures in Europe, has been restored to its original polychromy. Overpainted in the 17th century with a black on the robes and brown on the flesh tones then coated with a pigmented wax layer, the figure of Christ and the circular nimbus behind him were dull and dark, obscuring pigments of the highest quality like lapis lazuli blue and gold.

LINCOLN CITY - Nearly 40 years ago, an 83-year-old retiree offered an old, handstitched quilt to a local museum accompanied by a couple of notes explaining its history. Today, the quilt tells the story of a woman born into slavery, a beloved and skilled quiltmaker whose time on this Earth might have vanished if not for the woman who treasured her memory.

'Let's do the Hispanic Heritage Month from September 15 to October 15.' And the reason why September 15 is to coincide with the celebration of Latin American independence," he said.

The Olmec colossal heads are massive stone sculptures carved from basalt, depicting human faces with distinct features like fleshy cheeks and flat noses. These heads, dating back to at least 900 BCE, are iconic symbols of the ancient Olmec civilization in Mesoamerica. Ranging from 3.8 to 11.2 feet tall, they were likely modeled after real individuals, possibly rulers or important figures.

Long before home appliances involved stainless steel, touchscreens, compressors, and electricity, there was a decidedly different way to keep food cool - one that involved a clever designer, humble sheets of metal, and huge chunks of ice. It's a curious contraption appropriately named the icebox, an almost forgotten ancestor to modern-day refrigerators. This was no fly-by-night invention, rather a carefully crafted one that transformed eating and food storage across the globe in the mid-to-late 1800s.

The Fourteen Point Peace Programme of US President Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924) was presented to Congress on 8 January 1918 and outlined a new world order that would hopefully avoid another disaster like the still ongoing First World War (1914-18). Aiming to persuade Germany and its allies to seek an armistice and achieve lasting world peace, the points in the list stated there should be freedom of the seas, free trade, disarmament, a redrawing of the map of Europe based on the principle of national self-determination,

The story is told by Gerald of Wales, the royal clerk and scholar who served King Henry II of England. He began writing De instructione principis around the year 1191, making it a part guide on how to be a ruler, and part history of Henry's reign. The work has interested historians as Gerald was in a good position to know of the inner workings of Henry's court as well as receive news coming in from around England.

When archaeologists excavated it, they were surprised at how heavy it was, weighing 9 kg (just shy of 20 lbs). The pot was then opened at the Sharjah Archaeology Authority research laboratory, revealing 387 single-sided coins and 22 two-sided coins weighing between 16 and 17 grams apiece. The earliest of the coins depict Alexander the Great wearing the Nemean lion skin, trademark of Hercules, on the obverse, and Zeus enthroned with the eagle on his staff on the reverse.

"Air superiority was something that the Air Force has been a big part of since its inception. You still see that today, and that's one of the things that you will see all the way through," Prichard said. "The same with global reach - making sure that the aircraft that we have can go any place, anytime, right now. All of the aircraft that you see on display here will do that."

Investigate the history of the Angevin Empire during the reigns of Henry II, Richard I, and John.