Judge Leonie Brinkema's ruling determined that Google has monopolized the open web display advertising market, highlighting significant harm to rivals and consumers. While she acknowledged Google's dominant position, she emphasized the need for a holistic view of whether Google's conduct harmed competition under U.S. antitrust law. The ruling categorized the plaintiff’s allegations into three key areas, including Google's mergers and the tying of its services, but concluded that these acquisitions alone weren't anti-competitive without evidence of monopoly power being exercised. This ruling holds implications for policy and market competitiveness.
In addition to depriving rivals of the ability to compete, this exclusionary conduct substantially harmed Google's publisher customers, the competitive process, and, ultimately, consumers of information on the open web.
Brinkema agreed that Google held a monopoly position in the publisher server market and the ad exchange market; however, under U.S. antitrust law, a monopoly position is not enough.
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