Roughly 20 million barrels per day of oil moved through Hormuz in 2024, equivalent to about one-fifth of global petroleum liquids consumption. When that waterway closed, oil prices spiked to $126 per barrel in what the U.S. Energy Information Administration has described as the largest supply disruption in global oil market history.
Traders are simultaneously pricing in two contradictory scenarios: continued political de-escalation on one hand, and the possibility of renewed escalation on the other. This fragile balance leaves the market vulnerable to sudden movements, especially given oil prices' high sensitivity to geopolitical developments in the Middle East.
The country is at risk of 'stagflation' - where slow economic growth is combined with rising inflation - as the energy crunch brought about by the war in the Middle East hits.
Shipping costs have increased by more than 10 percent in the past month due to the US-Israel war on Iran. The 60-day waiver for the Jones Act aimed to lower energy costs but has had little impact on oil prices, which continue to rise amid the ongoing conflict.
There's no doubt that what's happening now is an order of magnitude bigger - in terms of potential fallout for oil markets - than Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The global benchmark Brent crude is trading around $88 Friday morning, up roughly $16 since military strikes against Iran began.
The war in the Middle East is exposing how dependent the world is on a handful of strategic chokepoints. The Strait of Hormuz a narrow waterway in the Gulf is closed. The longer this goes on, the faster the global energy map could be reshaped.